The notion of "tone" for the human body
The notion of myogenic tone of our arteries and a discovery of its regulation - In relation to arterial hypertension
Our arteries have a basal myogenic tone, a basal constriction (vasoconstriction) mediated by smooth muscle cells of the artery wall.
This is regulated by calcium influx; calcium binds to contractile units/springs (sarcomeres) and makes them contract by a sliding mechanism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcomere
Vasoconstriction - On the myogenic response of small arteries (arterioles)
As increased blood flow and therefore increased blood pressure distends (passively) the arterioles, they respond by constriction to prevent damage of irrigated organs
The Bayliss myogenic response (1902).
A discovery on its regulation
2016-03-03
https://twitter.com/CNRS/status/705472911730089985
Les artères sous pression livrent leurs secrets http://bit.ly/1TOlagO v/ @insb_cnrs
Cell Reports 14, 1–9. March 8, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.02.019
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artery
by Blausen.com staff. "Blausen gallery 2014"
- The outermost layer is known as the tunica externa or tunica adventitia and is composed of connective tissue made up of collagen fibers.
- Inside this layer is the tunica media, or media, which is made up of smooth muscle cells andelastic tissue (also called connective tissue proper).
- The innermost layer, which is in direct contact with the flow of blood is the tunica intima, commonly called the intima. This layer is made up of mainly endothelial cells.
Notes on the discovery
Increased blood flow >
Increased pressure by blood > [Equals to : Increased risk to damage irrigated organs]
Increased distention of cells of the artery >
Distended surface of smooth muscle cells of the artery >
Filamin A transmits pressure signal to calcium channels >
Channels open >
Calcium enters the cell >
Calcium binds to contractile units/springs (sarcomeres) and makes them slide on each other in a contraction movement >
Muscle cell contraction >
Reduction of artery diameter >
Reduction of blood flow >
Protection of irrigated organs
Vessels that carry blood and vessels that carry lymph; New lymph ones have been discovered in the head (2015).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_system
The circulatory system is often seen to comprise both the cardiovascular system, which distributes blood, and the lymphatic system, which circulates lymph.[1]
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