- Geoengineering, HAARP, GWEN

Should be Geoengineer Climate and Weather? Rain and Snow Augmentation; Hurricane Modification

Excerpt from the Huffington Post citing 2013 US reports:

"The prolonged and severe droughts in the country's agricultural heartlands are threatening our ability to feed our people and undermining our economy. We must take every step possible to provide greater amounts of fresh water to the Midwest and Southwest through manipulating large-scale circulation patterns such as the jet stream. Put simply, rainmaking or more specifically snowmaking is a must."

“The best way to do that: manipulate the jet stream to a more southern trajectory during wintertime to create a polar vortex that would spawn intense snowstorms. The report recognizes that this would mean harsh winter conditions for many parts of the country.”

The HAARP Ionospheric research programme: Heating the Ionosphere via a radio-frequency transmitter

Conspiracy theories on weather modification and mind control (due to the ELF or 3-30Hz wave generation similar to brain frequency).

Wikipedia link

Functions:

1. Generating very low frequency radio waves by modulated heating of the auroral electrojet, useful because generating VLF waves ordinarily requires gigantic antennas

2. Generating weak luminous glow (measurable, but below that visible with a naked eye) from absorbing HAARP's signal

3. Generating extremely low frequency waves in the 0.1 Hz range. These are next to impossible to produce any other way, because the length of a transmit antenna is dictated by the wavelength of the signal it must emit.

4. Generating whistler-mode VLF signals that enter the magnetosphere and propagate to the other hemisphere, interacting with Van Allen radiation beltparticles along the way

5. VLF remote sensing of the heated ionosphere

Note: ELF stands for Extremely Low Frequency

Symbols	Frequency Range
ELF	3-30Hz
SLF	30-300 Hz
ULF	300-3000Hz
VLF	3 to 30 kHz
LF	30 to 300 kHz
MF	300 to 3000 kHz
HF	3 to 30 MHz
VHF	30 to 300 MHz
UHF	300 to 3000 MHz

HAARP website had been taken down. It can be found in archive form.

HAARP resumes operations

First day of operations: 2017-02-20

facebook post

Seeking scientists: HAARP works toward ensuring long-term success

Link

HAARP - High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program holds an Open House event in August at Gakona, Alaska

https://goo.gl/W2ocZ8

Additional information

http://lifesgreatclues.com/tag/haarp/

Excerpt:

"What they have found is that by sending radio frequency energy up and focusing it, as they do with these kinds of instruments, it causes a heating effect. And that heating literally lifts the ionosphere within a 30 mile diameter area therein changing localized pressure systems or perhaps the route of jet streams."

"Moving a jet stream is a phenomenal event in terms of man being able to do this. The problem is we cannot model the system adequately. Long term consequences of atmospheric heating are unknown. Changing weather in one place can have a devastating downstream effect. H.A.A.R.P. admits to manipulating weather."

HAARP again open for business

http://www.anchoragepress.com/news/haarp-again-open-business

http://www.nbcnews.com/science/weird-science/conspiracy-theories-abound-u-s-military-closes-haarp-n112576

http://www.theguardian.com/news/2014/apr/11/weatherwatch-aurora-borealis-radio-radar-interference

The US Defence Advanced Research Project Agency's plans for the coming year (2015) include "Test active control of ionospheric geomagnetic substorm evolution process."

http://www.haarp.net/

Alaska auroral researcher with ties to HAARP faces big fine for fraud

Includes two interesting references - one follows:

Excerpt from cited article:

"If you want to visit Oak Ridge National Laboratories (a Manhattan Project-era facility with exponentially greater funding but also a heavy focus on top-secret nuclear technology) you can show up to the visitor center for a public tour or schedule something more in-depth without much hassle. You can do the same at Los Alamos -- another bastion of the Manhattan Project -- in New Mexico. At both of those facilities, journalists can access unclassified research and talk directly to researchers and scientists.

None of that is possible at HAARP, though never expressly stated, probably in part because of the tinfoil-hatters that might storm Gakona if allowed visits of any kind. When the movement for more information is spearheaded by Jesse Ventura and TruTV, it's easy enough to laugh and let the real research continue away from the public eye. But the closed-shop tendencies could prove the facility's undoing as budget hawks, like the "super" bipartisan group in Congress assigned to dig up trillions of dollars in savings over the next decade, are eager to score political points.

What's to keep HAARP from ending up on the chopping block? Perhaps opening the project up to public scrutiny might keep those federal dollars flowing to Alaska."

Ionospheric Heating Facilities

From wikipedia

An ionospheric heater, or an ionospheric HF pump facility, is a powerful radio wave transmitter with an array of antennas which is used for research of plasma turbulence, the ionosphere and upper atmosphere.[1] These transmitters operate in the high frequency (HF) range (3-30 MHz) at which radio waves are reflected from the ionosphere back to the ground.

From this HAARP wikipedia link

In America, there are two related ionospheric heating facilities: the HIPAS, near Fairbanks, Alaska, which was dismantled in 2009, and (currently offline for reconstruction) one at the Arecibo Observatory [27] in Puerto Rico. The European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association (EISCAT) operates an ionospheric heating facility, capable of transmitting over 1 GW effective radiated power (ERP), near Tromsø, Norway.[28] Russia has the Sura Ionospheric Heating Facility, inVasilsursk near Nizhniy Novgorod, capable of transmitting 190 MW ERP.

The Ground-Wave Emergency Network (GWEN) System operated until 1999

In case of high-altitude nuclear bomb explosion this ground system would resist and allow to launch defense

Location of Gwen Towers in the U.S

(Image from last link of the page)

Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AN/URC-117_Ground_Wave_Emergency_Network

In the press – 2015: http://truthstreammedia.com/2015/07/27/what-is-this-gwen-tower-really-for/

Links on conspiracy theory

http://www.haarp.net/mindcontrol.htm

http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/scalar_tech/esp_scalartech04.htm

The Earth's Ionosphere

http://solar-center.stanford.edu/SID/activities/ionosphere.html

"The ionosphere is defined as the layer of the Earth's atmosphere that is ionized by solar and cosmic radiation. It lies 75-1000 km (46-621 miles) above the Earth. (The Earth’s radius is 6370 km, so the thickness of the ionosphere is quite tiny compared with the size of Earth.) Because of the high energy from the Sun and from cosmic rays, the atoms in this area have been stripped of one or more of their electrons, or “ionized,” and are therefore positively charged."

"The ionosphere has major importance to us because, among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on the Earth, and between satellites and Earth. For the very low frequency (VLF) waves that the space weather monitors track, the ionosphere and the ground produce a “waveguide” through which radio signals can bounce and make their way around the curved Earth".

http://vlf.stanford.edu/research/introduction-vlf

What Are the Practical Benefits of ELF/VLF Research?

Global communications

"Because ELF/VLF waves are guided by both the Earth and the ionosphere, you can send signals around the planet. Lightning does this all the time, but we haven't mastered it yet because to make ELF/VLF waves with an antenna, you need an antenna comparable to a wavelength. Unfortunately, a 3 kHz wave has a 100 km wavelength! The Stanford ELF/VLF group is exploring an alternative method of ELF/VLF wave generation, which utilizes the same currents that make the northern lights, to turn the upper atmosphere into a big radiating antenna. Read about our HAARP program work in Alaska."

Radio Waves and the Ionosphere

(by Ian Poole, QST- ARRL - the National Association for Amateur Radio) Excerpts from: http://www.arrl.org/files/file/Technology/pdf/119962.pdf

How waves travel: Ground waves and sky waves

Signals in the medium and shortwave bands travel by two basic means: ground waves and sky waves. Ground waves occur as the signal spreads out from the transmitter in all directions. Instead of traveling in a straight line (and not being heard beyond the visual horizon), radio signal tends to follow the curvature of the Earth. This occurs because currents are induced in the surface of the Earth, which slows the wavefront near the ground. As a result, the wavefront tilts downward, enabling it to follow the curvature of the Earth and travel beyond the horizon. With some exceptions, ground-wave propagation is generally used for signals below 2 or 3 MHz. It is not used much at higher frequencies because the level of attenuation increases with frequency, and above these frequencies coverage becomes progressively less reliable. This is demonstrated by the fact that shortwave broadcast stations are only audible for short distances via ground wave. In comparison, medium-wave stations are audible over much greater distances—a typical high-power AM broadcast station may have a coverage area of a hundred miles or more. (...) Signals also leave the Earth’s surface and travel toward the ionosphere. As we will see, some of these are returned to Earth. These signals are termed sky waves for obvious reasons.

The Ionosphere

The ionosphere is so named because it is a region in the atmosphere where ions exist. In most areas of the atmosphere molecules are in a combined state and remain electrically neutral. In the ionosphere, however, solar radiation (mainly ultraviolet light) is so intense that when it strikes gas molecules they split—ionize—and an electron is set free. What remains is a positive ion (a molecule that is “missing” an electron) and a free electron. Although ions give their name to the region, free electrons actually affect radio waves. The number of electrons starts to increase at an altitude of about 30 km, but the electron density isn’t sufficient to affect radio waves until about 60 km. We often think of the ionosphere as having a number of distinct layers. (...) To quickly identify the layers, peaks or regions, we refer to them by the letters D, E and F.

The D Layer

The first layer a signal reaches is the D layer. This layer acts as an attenuator, especially at low frequencies.

The E and F Layer

As with the D layer, when signals enter the E and F layers they cause free electrons to vibrate. Here the air density is much lower and there are fewer collisions. As a result, much less energy is lost and these layers affect radio signals in a different way. Rather than colliding with gas molecules and losing energy, the electrons tend to re-radiate the signal. Because the signal is traveling in an area where electron density is increasing, the farther it progresses into the layer, the more the signal is refracted away from the area of higher electron density. At HF, this refraction is often sufficient to bend the signals back toward Earth. In effect, the layer appears to have “reflected” the signal.

Several Hops

Considerable distances can be spanned by an E- or F-layer reflection, but that does not explain how signals can propagate to the other side of the globe. World-spanning propagation requires several reflections. Having returned to Earth from the ionosphere, the Earth’s surface acts as a reflector and returns the signal back to the ionosphere, where it is reflected back to Earth yet again. In this way signals can travel around the globe (sometimes in several directions!).

Ionosphere and its influence on Radio Communications

By RS Dabas

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225762031_Ionosphere_and_its_influence_on_radio_communications

"In 1882, the Scottish physicist Balfour Stewart suggested that the continuous but minor variations in Earth’s magnetic field might be caused by the presence of a layer of air capable of conducting electricity in the upper atmosphere. Movement of this layer in the terrestrial field could produce electric currents by dynamo effect; these currents could, in turn, generate magnetic fields, which would be superimposed upon the normal magnetic field observed at the Earth’s surface. Stewart’s suggestion attracted little interest until after December 1901 when the Italian radio pioneer G Marconi succeeded in transmitting ‘wireless’ signals over a distance of about 2000 miles across the Atlantic Ocean. Physicists had previously regarded this feat as impossible because radio waves, like light, travel in straight lines; detection on Earth’s surface should thus not be possible beyond the line of sight. The explanation, proposed independently in 1902 by Oliver Heaviside in England and Arthur E Kennelly in the United States, for Marconi’s unexpected achievement was that there exists an electrically conducting layer in the atmosphere at a height of about 80 km. Such a layer would reflect radio waves, like a passive repeater station, and return them to Earth at a considerable distance beyond the horizon."

Video on ionospheric heaters by an expert (has created a site with ionospheric heaters locations)

https://youtu.be/lu0_lTXHICs

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